Nairobi leads in new HIV infection rates

Kenya has reported a sharp rise in new HIV infections, recording a 19 percent increase from 16,752 cases in 2023 to 19,991 in 2024.

The figures are drawn from the World Aids Day 2025 report by the National Syndemic Disease Control Council (NSDCC), which monitors the country’s progress and setbacks in the fight against HIV.

The data places Kenya among the world’s HIV transmission hotspots, highlighting the need to intensify prevention and treatment efforts.

Nairobi Leads in New Infections

Nairobi County posted the highest number of new cases at 3,045. Counties in the western region followed closely, with Migori registering 1,572 infections, Kisumu 1,341, Homa Bay 1,180, and Busia 886.

Other counties with notable case numbers include Siaya, Kakamega, Nakuru, Mombasa, and Bungoma, reflecting long-standing regional trends. The disparities underscore the heavy burden borne by urban and lakeside counties.

Youth Account for Majority of New Cases

The report shows that young people aged 15–34 make up 74 percent of all new infections. Young women remain disproportionately affected, a trend experts link to social, economic, and biological factors that heighten their vulnerability.

Rising Prevalence and HIV-Related Deaths

Kenya’s national HIV prevalence stands at 3 percent—about 1.3 million people living with the virus. This number includes thousands of children affected through paediatric infections and mother-to-child transmission.

HIV-related deaths have also risen, climbing to 21,007 in 2024 from 18,473 in 2023, pointing to gaps in treatment, delayed diagnoses, and challenges with adherence.

Kenya Among Countries With Highest Global HIV Burden

Globally, Kenya ranks eighth among nations with the highest HIV burden. It appears on the list alongside South Africa, India, Mozambique, Nigeria, Tanzania, Uganda, and Zambia—countries that collectively account for a substantial share of global HIV cases.